Microsoft quietly final month unveiled DocumentDB, an open supply NoSQL database that’s designed to be appropriate with MongoDB. The undertaking makes public the PostgreSQL-based expertise behind the vCore-based Azure Cosmos DB for MongoDB . Microsoft says it hopes DocumentDB will assist make PostgreSQL an ANSI commonplace for NoSQL databases.
DocumentDB is a document-oriented database that enables customers to retailer information in Binary Object Notation (BSON), a JSON-like information construction additionally utilized by MongoDB. Microsoft’s DocumentDB database undertaking–to not be confused with AWS’s MongoDB-compatible database providing, Amazon DocumentDB–is constructed atop PostgreSQL and makes use of two PostgreSQL extensions developed by Microsoft to allow its BSON performance.
The primary PostgreSQL extension is pg_documentdb_core, which Microsoft describe as “a customized PostgreSQL extension optimizing for BSON.” The library provides customers the power to parse and manipulate BSON paperwork within the PostgreSQL layer of the database engine; index fields within the BSON doc; carry out vector search queries; and implement a full authentication mechanism.
The second PostgreSQL extension is pg_documentdb_api, which Microsoft describes as a knowledge airplane implementing create, learn, replace and delete (CRUD) operations, question performance, and index administration. The CRUD operations are stated to be MongoDB appropriate.
DocumentDB is offered on Microsoft’s GitHub code repository right here. The database is distributed below the permissive MIT License, which permits for reuse with proprietary software program.
The objective of DocumentDB is to offer a regular for interoperability, the corporate says in a January weblog publish by Abinav Rameesh, the undertaking administration lead on Azure Cosmos DB.
“The mission for DocumentDB is to offer the developer neighborhood with a NoSQL datastore, applied utilizing PostgreSQL with full visibility into the structure and implementation of the engine,” Rameesh wrote. “All of the core elements of the database engine from CRUD…operations to indexing and vector search performance are public.”
Microsoft selected to make use of the permissive MIT license to foster broad adoption and to get the neighborhood transferring towards a regular, he wrote.
“DocumentDB is the primary implementation of the undertaking’s extra formidable mission to create a regular for open-source doc databases, very like the ANSI (American Nationwide Requirements Institute) SQL commonplace for relational databases,” Rameesh wrote. “The creation of a NoSQL commonplace will heighten the compatibility and interoperability of NoSQL engines sooner or later.”
Azure Cosmos DB is a non-relational database service from Microsoft that helps a wide range of NoSQL information sorts and workloads, together with a doc retailer, a large column retailer, a key-value retailer, and a graph retailer. Whereas the API utilized in Azure Cosmos DB for MongoDB is MongoDB appropriate, the underlying expertise used within the “vCore” model of Azure Cosmos DB for MongoDB leverages a distributed database engine primarily based on PostgreSQL, which provides it the scalability and efficiency of a standard PostgreSQL setup.
Azure Cosmos DB for MongoDB was about 32% appropriate with the MongoDB API as of October 2023, in response to MongoDB. “Azure Cosmos DB for MongoDB implements MongoDB’s Wire Protocol to permit MongoDB drivers to attach and work together with Cosmos DB as if it had been a MongoDB host,” MongoDB wrote. “Nevertheless, this implementation has limitations…”
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